BusyTarpDuster2017 said:
Again, as always, you're strong on empty assertion, but exceedingly weak on substance.
"...these realities are called sacraments because in them one thing is seen, while another is grasped. What is seen is a mere physical likeness; what is grasped bears spiritual fruit."
"Grasped", not "eaten". Folks, a physical object meant to convey an understanding of a spiritual truth is called a symbol.
Dude, you are stretching more than Stretch Armstong. You are reaching more than a midget in an elevator trying to get to the penthouse.
First, this sermon was written to
infantes (neophytes, the newly baptized) to explain the mystery of the Eucharist. On the altar, says Augustine, we see bread and wine. But, according to faith, they are the Body and Blood of Christ.
This is catechetical preaching not a theological treatise. Augustine is teaching brand-new Christians how to see the Eucharist with the eyes of faith for the very first time.
Please notice, that Augustine says,
For what you see is simply bread and a cup - this is the information your eyes report. But
your faith demands far subtler insight: the bread is Christ's body, the cup is Christ's blood.Now let's carefully look at your "gotcha" phrase that you bolded - So how can bread be his body? And what about the cup? How can it (or what it contains) be his blood?"
Your claim here is that Augustine, himself, is
asking how this is possible. If I am incorrect about this, please correct me. If I am correct, then you have failed to closely read what is going on in the passage.
Let's dive deeper into it …
Color would be so much easier to help illustrate the point; however, I will do my best to demonstrate how this is a inner dialogue that Augustine is having with those neophytes.
Augustine:
"What you see on God's altar, you've already observed during the night that has now ended. But you've heard nothing about just what it might be, or what it might mean, or what great thing it might be said to symbolize. For what you see is simply bread and a cup - this is the information your eyes report. But your faith demands far subtler insight: the bread is Christ's body, the cup is Christ's blood. Faith can grasp the fundamentals quickly, succinctly, yet it hungers for a fuller account of the matter. As the prophet says, "Unless you believe, you will not understand." [Is. 7.9; Septuagint]
So you can say to me,
Neophyte: "You urged us to believe; now explain, so we can understand."
Augustine: Inside each of you, thoughts like these are rising:
Neophyte: "Our Lord Jesus Christ, we know the source of his flesh; he took it from the virgin Mary. Like any infant, he was nursed and nourished; he grew; became a youngster; suffered persecution from his own people. To the wood he was nailed; on the wood he died; from the wood, his body was taken down and buried. On the third day (as he willed) he rose; he ascended bodily into heaven whence he will come to judge the living and the dead. There he dwells even now, seated at God's right.
So how can bread be his body? And what about the cup? How can it (or what it contains) be his blood?" Augustine: My friends, these realities are called sacraments because in them one thing is seen, while another is grasped. What is seen is a mere physical likeness; what is grasped bears spiritual fruit.
Now, you claim that "sacramental" means spiritual. This is a
grave misunderstanding of what a sacrament is. It is an outward sign of an invisible grace that it signifies. It takes matter and form for that sacrament. In baptism, the matter is the water. The form is the Trinitarian formula. The effect, or grace, is the rebirth in the Holy Spirit and being adopted into God's family.
In the Eucharist, the matter is the bread and wine, the form is the words of consecration. The effect, or grace, is the transubstantiation of those elements into the Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity.
You are reading your protestant view into this.
BusyTarpDuster2017 said:
If there was any time for Augustine to explain that the bread and wine are the literal, physical flesh and blood of Jesus, you would think he would do so here. But does he?
In Sermon 227 written to the
same audience of new Catholics, just weeks earlier Augustine states clearly:
"That bread that you see on the altar, having been sanctified by the word of God, is the body of Christ. That chalice, or rather, what is in that chalice, having been sanctified by the word of God, is the blood of Christ."Finally, please note that "spiritual" does NOT mean symbolic. It does not mean immaterial. It does not mean less real.
This is a modern confusion not a classical one. It smuggles in a philosophical assumption that spirit and matter are opposites, and that "spiritual" therefore means "not physical" or "not real."
St. Paul uses
pneumatikos repeatedly and never once does he mean "merely symbolic":
"They all ate the same spiritual food and drank the same spiritual drink" (1 Corinthians 10:3-4)
Referring to the actual manna and actual water from the rock in the desert. Real food. Real water. Called "spiritual" because they were given by God and pointed to Christ.
"It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body" (1 Corinthians 15:44)
The resurrection body is called "spiritual." Does Paul mean the resurrection body is symbolic or imaginary? Of course not. He means it is transformed and animated by the Holy Spirit more real, not less.